CLAUSES OF CONCESSION (Παραχωρητικές προτάσεις)
Although, even though, though, in spite of the fact
that, despite the fact that, even if, however, no matter + (who, where, why, when, which,
whose, how), ……..though…., ……….as.……, while.
Τα concessive clauses μπορούν
να τοποθετηθούν στην αρχή μιας πρότασης ή εσωτερικά (στο μέσο) για να εκφράσουν
κάτι το οποίο συμβαίνει κατά παραχώρηση και σε αντίθεση προς αυτό που δηλώνει
το ρήμα της πρότασης από την οποία εξαρτάται πχ. Θα βγω έξω, ακόμη κι αν βρέχει. (Μπαμπινιώτης 2η έκδοση 2002). Αν
τοποθετήσουμε την παραχωρητική πρόταση στο τέλος της πρότασης, ο
ομιλητής παραδέχεται ότι υπάρχει κάποιο πρόβλημα με το συγκεκριμένο επιχείρημα.
I tried hard to cut down on
bread, though it seemed impossible.
Περισσότερα
γενικά παραδείγματα:
Αν και η Μαρία τελείωσε το λύκειο πολλά χρόνια
πριν, θυμάται πολλά πράγματα!
Although Mary finished school a long time ago, she still
remenbers a lot of things!
Αν και είμαι νέος, γνωρίζω πάρα πολλά!
Despite the fact that I am young, I am very
knowledgeable!
Αντί να πούμε:
Although it was raining, we
enjoyed our walk.
Even though it was raining, we enjoyed our
walk.
Though it was raining, we enjoyed our walk.
μπορούμε να πούμε
In spite of the fact that it was raining, we enjoyed our walk.
Despite the fact that it was raining, we enjoyed our
walk.
Even if John is tired, he is always
willing to help.
However tired John is, he is always willing to help.
No matter how tired John is, he is
always willing to help.
Tired though he is, John is always willing
to help.
Tired as he is, John is still willing
to help.
However fast he drives, he won’t
get there in time.
No matter who he is, I am too busy to see
him.
No matter when he arrives, I want to see him
at once.
Exercise. Re-write as
indicated and then suggest alternatives.
1. He may be stupid but he can’t believe the earth is
really flat.No matter how stupid he is, he can’t believe
the earth is flat.
2. He tried hard but he couldn’t undo the knot.However hard he tried, he couldn’t undo the knot.
3. He is very rich but he can’t afford to buy this villa.Rich as
he is, he
can’t afford to buy this villa.
4. You can take a taxi but you
won’t get to the station on time.Even if you
take a taxi, you won’t get to the
station on time.
5. He was confined to a wheel-chair but managed to
climb to the top of Mount Fuji.In spite of the
fact that he was confined to a wheel-chair, he managed
to reach to the top of Mount Fuji.
6. I don’t care how much it costs. I am going to buy one.No
matter how much it costs, I
am going to buy one.
7. Don’t take any notice of what he says now. He’ll
agree in the end.No matter what he
says now, he’ll agree
in the end.
8. She may sing beautifully but I don’t think she will win the
competition.However beautifully she sings, I don’t think she will win the competition.
9. You may fail but you must not give up trying. Even if you fail, you mustn’t give up
trying.
10. It doesn’t matter where he is hiding. I shall find
him.No matter where he is hiding, I shall find him.
